The risk of heat-related illnesses, such as heat stroke and heat exhaustion, increases with age, experts at the U.S. National Institute on Aging warn.
As people get older, the researchers explained, they are less able to adapt to high temperatures, like those engulfing much of the nation now. As a result, the heat might exacerbate any medical conditions they have.
In addition, older folks may develop certain health problems that could increase their risk of hyperthermia (when the body overheats), the NIA researchers pointed out in a news release from the U.S. National Institutes of Health. These include:
- Underlying diseases such as congestive heart failure, diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- Trouble walking or moving around.
- Dementia or other problems with thinking skills.
- Overweight or obesity.
- Dehydration.
- Age-related changes to the skin, including reduced function in sweat glands.
To stay cool and avoid heat-related illnesses, the NIA researchers cautioned the elderly to pay attention to air pollution alerts. Anyone without fans or air conditioners, they added, should go to public places with air conditioning, such as shopping malls, movie theaters or libraries.
If, however, it is suspected that someone is suffering from a heat-related illness, the NIA advised people to take the following steps:
- Call 911 immediately.
- Move them into air conditioning or another cool place.
- Urge them to lie down and rest.
- Remove or loosen tight-fitting or heavy clothing.
- Encourage them to drink water or juices if they are able to drink, but avoid alcohol and caffeine.
- Apply cold water or cold compresses to their skin.
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